Blissful Earth: March 2018

Science Class 10 Syllabus TERM 1

Exam Structure

Unit		Marks
I	Lesson 1:Chemical Reactions and Equations Lesson 2:Acids,Base and salts Lesson 3:Metals and Non metals Lesson 5:Periodic Classification of elements(Upto Activity 5.2)	25
II	Lesson 10:Light 1-reflection (upto only Reflection) Lesson 12:Electricity Lesson 13:Magnetic Effects of Current	28
III	Lesson 6:Life Processes Lesson 7:Control and coordination Lesson 8:How do organisms reproduce?(upto only Asexual Reproduction)	27
	Total	80

Unit I: Chemical Substances - Nature and Behaviour

Chemical reactions: Chemical equation, Balanced chemical equation, implications of a balanced chemical equation, Types of chemical reactions: combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, precipitation, neutralization, oxidation and reduction.

Acids, bases and salts: Their definitions in terms of furnishing of H+ and OH- ions, General properties, examples and uses, concept of pH scale(Definition relating to logarithm not required), importance of pH in everyday life; preparation and uses of sodium hydroxide, Bleaching powder, Baking soda, Washing soda and Plaster of Paris.

Metals and non metals: Properties of metals and non-metals, reactivity series, formation and properties of ionic compounds, basic metallurgical processes, corrosion and its prevention.

Periodic classification of elements: Need for classification, earlier attempts of classification Need for classification, Early attempts at classification of elements (Dobereiner’s Triads, Newland’s Law of Octaves ,,Mendeleev’s Periodic Table),

Unit II: World of Living

Life processes: "living being". Basic concept of nutrition, respiration, transport and excretion in plants and animals.

Control and co-ordination in animals and plants: Tropic movements in plants; Introduction to plant hormones; control and co-ordination in animals : nervous system; voluntary, involuntary and reflex action, chemical co-ordination: animal hormones.

Reproduction: Reproduction in animal and plants (asexual only)

Unit III: Natural Phenomenon-Light 1

Reflection of light at curved surfaces, Images formed by spherical mirrors, centre of curvature, principal axis, principal focus, focal length, mirror formula (Derivation not required), magnification.

Unit IV: Effects of Current- Electricity

Electric current, potential difference and electric current. Ohm's law; Resistance, Resistivity, Factors on which the resistance of a conductor depends. Series combination of resistors, parallel combination of resistors and its applications in daily life. Heating effect of electric current and its applications in daily life. Electric power, Inter relation between P, V, I and R.

Magnetic effects of current: Magnetic field, field lines, field due to a current carrying conductor, field due to current carrying coil or solenoid; Force on current carrying conductor, Fleming's left hand rule. Electromagnetic induction. Induced potential difference, Induced current. Fleming's Right Hand Rule, Direct current. Alternating current : frequency of AC. Advantage of AC over DC. Domestic electric circuits.

Practicals Science Class 10-Term 1

1. Finding the pH of the following samples by using pH paper / universal indicator:

a) Dilute Hydrochloric Acid
b) Dilute NaOH solution
c) Dilute Ethanoic Acid Solution
d) Lemon juice
e) Water
f) Dilute Hydrogen Carbonate solution

Studying the properties of acids and bases (HCl & NaOH) by their reaction with:

a) Litmus solution (Blue/Red)
b) Zinc metal
c) Solid sodium carbonate

2. Performing and observing the following reactions and classifying them into:

a) Combination reaction
b) Decomposition reaction
c) Displacement reaction
d) Double displacement reaction

(i) Action of water on quick lime
(ii) Action of heat on ferrous sulphate crystals
(iii) Iron nails kept in copper sulphate solution
(iv) Reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride solutions

3. Observing the action of Zn, Fe, Cu and Al metals on the following salt solutions:

a) ZnSO₄ (aq)
b) FeSO₄ (aq)
c) CuSO₄ (aq)
d) Al₂(SO4)₃ (aq)

Arranging Zn, Fe, Cu and Al (metals) in the decreasing order of reactivity based on the above result.

4. Studying the dependence of potential difference (V) across a resistor on the current (I) passing through it and determine its resistance. Also plotting a graph between V and I.

5. Determination of the equivalent resistance of two resistors when connected in series and parallel.

6. Preparing a temporary mount of a leaf peel to show stomata.

7. Experimentally show that carbon dioxide is given out during respiration.

8. Determination of the focal length of:

i) Concave mirror

by obtaining the image of a distant object.

9. Studying (a) binary fission in Amoeba, and (b) budding in yeast with the help of prepared slides.

Science Class 10 Syllabus TERM 2

Exam Structure

Unit		Marks
I	Lesson 4:Carbon and its compounds Lesson 5:Periodic Classification of elements(after Activity 5.2)	--
II	Lesson 10:Light 2-reflection ( Refraction) Lesson 11:Human eye and colourful world Lesson 14:Sources of Energy	--
III	Lesson 8:How do organisms reproduce?(sexual Reproduction) Lesson 9:Heredity and Evolution Lesson 15:Our environment Lesson 16:Management of Natural Resources	--

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS (TERM 2)

1. Study of the following properties of acetic acid (ethanoic acid):

1. odour

2. solubility in water

3. effect on litmus

4. reaction with Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate

2. Study of the comparative cleaning capacity of a sample of soap in soft and hard water.

3. Determination of the focal length of:

Convex lens
by obtaining the image of a distant object.

4. Tracing the path of a ray of light passing through a rectangular glass slab for different angles of incidence. Measure the angle of incidence, angle of refraction, angle of emergence and interpret the result.

5. Tracing the path of the rays of light through a glass prism.

6. Finding the image distance for varying object distances in case of a convex lens and drawing corresponding ray diagrams to show the nature of image formed

7. Identification of the different parts of an embryo of a dicot seed (Pea, gram or red kidney bean).

COURSE STRUCTUR CLASS X SCIENCE
(Annual Examination)

CBSE class 10 Science New Syllabus 2018-19
Marks: 80

Unit No.	Unit	Marks
I	Chemical Substances-Nature and Behaviour	25
II	World of Living	23
III	Natural Phenomena	12
IV	Effects of Current	13
V	Natural Resources	07
	Total	80
	Internal assessment	20
	Grand Total	100

Note: Above weightage includes the weightage of questions based on practical skills.
Theme: Materials (55 Periods)

Unit I: Chemical Substances – Nature and Behaviour
Chemical reactions: Chemical equation, Balanced chemical equation, implications of
a balanced chemical equation, types of chemical reactions: combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, precipitation, neutralization, oxidation and reduction.

Acids, bases and salts: Their definitions in terms of furnishing of H+ and OH– ions,
General properties, examples and uses, concept of pH scale (Definition relating to logarithm not required), importance of pH in everyday life; preparation and uses of Sodium Hydroxide, Bleaching powder, Baking soda, Washing soda and Plaster of Paris.
Metals and nonmetals: Properties of metals and non-metals; Reactivity series;
Formation and properties of ionic compounds; Basic metallurgical processes; Corrosion and its prevention.

Carbon compounds: Covalent bonding in carbon compounds. Versatile nature of carbon. Homologous series. Nomenclature of carbon compounds containing functional groups (halogens, alcohol, ketones, aldehydes, alkanes and alkynes), difference between saturated hydrocarbons and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Chemical properties of carbon compounds (combustion, oxidation, addition and substitution reaction). Ethanol and Ethanoic acid (only properties and uses), soaps and detergents.

Periodic classification of elements: Need for classification, Early attempts at classification of elements (Dobereiner’s Triads, Newland’s Law of Octaves,Mendeleev’s Periodic Table), Modern periodic table, gradation in properties, valency,
atomic number, metallic and non-metallic properties.

Theme: The World of the Living (50 Periods)
Unit II: World of Living
Life processes: ‘Living Being’. Basic concept of nutrition, respiration, transport and
excretion in plants and animals.

Control and co-ordination in animals and plants: Tropic movements in plants;
Introduction of plant hormones; Control and co-ordination in animals: Nervous system; Voluntary, involuntary and reflex action; Chemical co-ordination: animal hormones.

Reproduction: Reproduction in animals and plants (asexual and sexual) reproductive
health-need and methods of family planning. Safe sex vs HIV/AIDS. Child bearing and
women’s health.

Heredity and Evolution: Heredity; Mendel’s contribution- Laws for inheritance of
traits: Sex determination: brief introduction; Basic concepts of evolution.

Theme: Natural Phenomena (23 Periods)
Unit III: Natural Phenomena
Reflection of light by curved surfaces; Images formed by spherical mirrors, centre of
curvature, principal axis, principal focus, focal length, mirror formula (Derivation not
required), magnification.
Refraction; Laws of refraction, refractive index.
Refraction of light by spherical lens; Image formed by spherical lenses; Lens formula
(Derivation not required); Magnification. Power of a lens.
Functioning of a lens in human eye, defects of vision and their corrections,
applications of spherical mirrors and lenses.
Refraction of light through a prism, dispersion of light, scattering of light, applications in
daily life.

Theme: How Things Work (32 Periods)
Unit IV: Effects of Current
Electric current, potential difference and electric current. Ohm’s law; Resistance,
Resistivity, Factors on which the resistance of a conductor depends. Series combination of resistors, parallel combination of resistors and its applications in daily life. Heating effect of electric current and its applications in daily life. Electric power, Interrelation between P, V, I and R.
Magnetic effects of current : Magnetic field, field lines, field due to a current carrying conductor, field due to current carrying coil or solenoid; Force on current carrying conductor, Fleming’s Left Hand Rule, Electric Motor, Electromagnetic induction. Induced potential difference, Induced current. Fleming’s Right Hand Rule, Electric Generator, Direct current. Alternating current : frequency of AC. Advantage of AC over DC. Domestic electric circuits.

Theme: Natural Resources (20 Periods)
Unit V: Natural Resources
Sources of energy: Different forms of energy, conventional and non-conventional sources of energy: Fossil fuels, solar energy; biogas; wind, water and tidal energy; Nuclear energy. Renewable versus non-renewable sources of Energy.
Our environment: Eco-system, Environmental problems, Ozone depletion, waste production and their solutions. Biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances.
Management of natural resources: Conservation and judicious use of natural resources. Forest and wild life; Coal and Petroleum conservation. Examples of people’s participation for conservation of natural resources. Big dams: advantages and limitations; alternatives, if any. Water harvesting. Sustainability of natural resources.

PRACTICALS
Practical should be conducted alongside the concepts taught in theory classes
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Finding the pH of the following samples by using pH paper/universal indicator:

1. Dilute Hydrochloric Acid

2. Dilute NaOH solution

3. Dilute Ethanoic Acid solution

4. Lemon juice

5. Water

6. Dilute Hydrogen Carbonate solution

2. Studying the properties of acids and bases (HCl & NaOH) on the basis of their reaction with:

1. Litmus solution (Blue/Red)

2. Zinc metal

3. Solid sodium carbonate

9. Performing and observing the following reactions and classifying them into:

1. Combination reaction

2. Decomposition reaction

3. Displacement reaction

4. Double displacement reaction

1. Action of water on quick lime

2. Action of heat on ferrous sulphate crystals

3. Iron nails kept in copper sulphate solution

4. Reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride solutions

10. Observing the action of Zn, Fe, Cu and Al metals on the following salt solutions:

1. ZnSO₄ (aq)

2. FeSO⁴ (aq)

3. CuSO₄ (aq)

4. Al2 (SO₄)₃ (aq)
Arranging Zn, Fe, Cu and Al (metals) in the decreasing order of reactivity based on the above result.

11. Studying the dependence of potential difference (V) across a resistor on the current (I) passing through it and determine its resistance. Also plotting a graph between V and I.

12. Determination of the equivalent resistance of two resistors when connected in series and parallel.

13. Preparing a temporary mount of a leaf peel to show stomata.

14. Experimentally show that carbon dioxide is given out during respiration.

15. Study of the following properties of acetic acid (ethanoic acid):

1. odour

2. solubility in water

3. effect on litmus

4. reaction with Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate

16. Study of the comparative cleaning capacity of a sample of soap in soft and hard water.

17. Determination of the focal length of:

1. Concave mirror

2. Convex lens
by obtaining the image of a distant object.

18. Tracing the path of a ray of light passing through a rectangular glass slab for different angles of incidence. Measure the angle of incidence, angle of refraction, angle of emergence and interpret the result.

19. Studying (a) binary fission in Amoeba, and (b) budding in yeast and Hydra with the help of prepared slides.

20. Tracing the path of the rays of light through a glass prism.

21. Finding the image distance for varying object distances in case of a convex lens and drawing corresponding ray diagrams to show the nature of image formed

22. Identification of the different parts of an embryo of a dicot seed (Pea, gram or red kidney bean).

Blueprint For class 10 TERM 1 Sample paper-SCIENCE

Content	VSA 1mark	SA 1 2marks	SA 2 3marks	LA 5 marks	Total
UNIT 1 (CHEMISTRY) 1.Chemical Reactions & equations	----	------	1	-------	3
2.Acids,Bases and Salts	-----	------	1	1	8
3.Metals and non- metals	----------	----------	1	1	8
4.Periodic classification of elements	----------	1	-------	-----	2
UNIT 2 (PHYSICS) 5.Electricity	------	---	1(Value based)	1	8
6.Magnetic Effects of current	1	1	1	1	11
7.Light 1-Reflection	-----	1	1	----	5
UNIT 3 (BIOLOGY) 8.Life Processes	----	------	1	1	8
9.Control & C0oordination	1	---	2	1	8
10.Reproduction (Asexual only)	----	---	1	---	5
Practical based questions		2(Phy) 2(Chem) 2(Bio)			12
Total marks:	2	18	30	30	80
Total no. of questions:	2	3+6(PBQ)	10	6	27

SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER

SCIENCE-TERM 1

CLASS-X

Time allotted: 3 hours Maximum marks: 80

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:

1. The question paper comprises of two sections, A and B. You are to attempt both the sections.

2. All questions are compulsory.

3. All questions of section A and all questions of section B are to be attempted separately.

4. Question numbers 1 and 2 in section A are one mark questions. These are to be answered in one word or in one sentence.

5. Question numbers 3 and 5 in section A are two marks questions. These are to be answered in about 30 words each.

6. Question numbers 6 and 15 in section A are three marks questions. These are to be answered in about 50 words each.

7. Question numbers 16 and 21 in section A are five marks questions. These are to be answered in about 70 words each.

8. Question numbers 22 and 27 in section B are two marks questions based on practical skills. These are to be answered in brief.

SECTION –A

1. Name the part of the human brain which is responsible for posture maintenance and equilibrium while locomotion. (1)

2. The length of a conductor wire is doubled and its area is halved. What will be the change in its resistivity? 1

3. Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in his Periodic Table? Give two examples of the elements discovered later. (2)

4. Name and state the rule used for determination of direction of induced current produced in a conductor due to a changing magnetic field and give one practical application of the phenomenon in everyday life. 2

5. An object, 4 cm in size, is placed at 25 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed in order to obtain a sharp image? 2

6. A metal X, which is used in Thermit process, when heated with Oxygen gives an oxide Y. Y is an amphoteric oxide. Identify X and Y. Write down the chemical equations of the reaction of oxide of Y with HCl and NaOH. (3)

7. A dry pellet of a common base B, when kept in open absorbs moisture and turns sticky. The compound is also a by-product of Chlor – Alkali process. Identify compound B. Explain the Chlor alkali process with the help of a balanced chemical equation. (3)

8. Which hormone is involved in bending of stem towards light? Explain the mechanism. (3)

9. What is synapse? How the transmission of nerve impulse take place across the neuro muscular junction? (3)

10. Name the specific term used for asexual reproduction in plants .Give any two advantages of this process. (3)

11. Give reasons for the following

(a) Nasal passage is lined with mucus.

(b) Walls of the capillaries are one cell thick.

12. Mukesh returns home from the hostel during vacation. He notices that members of his family are very carefree about use of electric appliances at home and plug multiple appliances in single socket simultaneously. He told them that this is very dangerous and can lead to fire.

Answer the following questions based on the above information:

(a) List any two values shown by mukesh.

(b) Why does Mukesh think that multiple appliances in single socket lead to fire?

13. (a) Explain the principle of an electric motor.

(b) What is the function of split rings in an electric motor.

14. (a) Name the mirror used as the reflector in head lights.

(b) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of erect and diminished image in convex mirror. 3

15. Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions:

a) Sodium hydroxide solution is treated with Acetic acid to form Sodium acetate and Water.

b) Phosphorous burns in oxygen to give Phosphorous Pentoxide.

c) Barium Chloride reacts with Zins Sulphate to give Zinc Chloride and barium Sulphate. (3)

16.Draw the diagram of sectional view of human heart and label the following part

(a) The chamber that receives the oxygenated blood

(b) Blood vessel that carries away oxygenated blood from heart.

17. (a) what is reflex action? Illustrate the path of reflex arc with the help of any one example.

(b) Adrenal gland is known as stress management gland .Justify the statement. (5)

18. (a) Give reason:

(1) Why is the tungsten used almost exclusively for filament of electric lamps?

(2) Why is the series arrangement not used for domestic circuits?

(b) A current of 1 ampere flows in a series circuit having an electric lamp and a conductor of 5 ohms when connected to a 10 v battery. Calculate the resistance of the electric lamp.

Now if a resistance of 10 ohms is connected in parallel with this series combination, what change (if any) in current flowing through 5 ohm conductor and potential difference across the lamp will take place? Give reason. (5)

19. (a) What is solenoid?

(b) Draw a pattern of magnetic field lines around a current carrying solenoid.

(c) An electron enters a uniform magnetic field at right angle to it as shown in figure. What is the direction of force acting on electron?

↓electron

-------------------------›

--------------------------›

Magnetic field

(d) In which condition the displacement of current carrying rod will be maximum when kept in a magnetic field. (5)

20. a)A Calcium salt which is a white powder that can be moulded into different shapes by making its dough in water. When this compound is left in open for sometime, it becomes a solid mass and then cannot be used for moulding purpose. Identify the Calcium salt by writing its chemical name and formula. Write the equation for its preparation.

b) Draw the Lewis electron dot structures showing the bond formation in Na2O.Also write the type of bond formed. Write any one property of such compounds (5)

21. Given below are the steps for extraction of Copper from its ore. Write the reaction involved in the following:

i) Roasting of Copper (I) Sulphide ore

ii)Reduction of Copper(I)Oxide with copper (I ) Sulphide.

b) Explain the process of Electrolytic Refining of Copper with the help of a labelled diagram. (5)

Section B : Practical Based Questions:

22. A student dips pH papers in solutions A and B and observes that the pH paper turns blue and orange respectively in them. What does he infer about the nature of A and B?(2)

23. A student heated Ferrous sulphate crystals in a dry test tube. List any two observations recorded by him during the reaction. (2)

24. What type of seeds are used in the experiment to show that carbon dioxide is given out during respiration and why? (2)

25. Draw labelled diagram of microscopic view of temporary mount of epidermal peel of Lily leaf to show the site of gaseous exchange . (2)

26. The values of current(I) flowing through a given resistor of resistance (R) , for the corresponding values of potential difference (v) across the resistor are as given below:

V (volts)	0.5	1.0	1.5	2.0	2.5	3.0
I ( ampere)	0.2	0.4	0.6	0.8	1.0	1.2

Plot a graph between current and potential difference and determine the resistance ( R) of the resistor.

27. For determining focal length of a concave mirror, a teacher asked her students to identify concave mirror from a few mirrors lying on the table. The reason given by A,B,C and D for picking up the right mirror is as follows:

A: the mirror is depressed at the centre and self image formed is enlarged and erect.

B: the mirror is raised at the centre and self image formed is smaller and erect.

C: the mirror is plane all over and self image is of same size.

D: the mirror is depressed at the centre and self image formed is enlarged and inverted.

Which reason is correct. Justify your answer.

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